Stereoscopic cinematograph.



l.' RICHARD & L. l. E. COLARDEAU.

SrEREoscoPlC CINEMATOGRAPH. 'APPLcAT'IoN FILED Juni l. Ism.

taneously.

, UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.N

JULES RICHARD AND LOUIS JOSEPH EMMANUEL COLARDEAU, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.

STEBEOSCOPIC CINEMATOGRAPH.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Dee.'19. i 916.

Application ilcd J une 1, 1910. Serial No. 564,467.

This invention relates to an improved apparatus for obtaimng'animated stereoscopic viewsy and for permitting such views to be observedA by 'one or several persons simulrlhe present invention comprises, in principle, the arrangement, on a single band or ilm,-of two parallel rows of right and left hand stereoscopic images corresponding each to each, the two rows being displacedone with relation to the other in such a manner th at the two corresponding images are placed#` at .a distance apart equal to the normal distance of separation of the eyes, or at a distance apart nearly equal to the distance of separation. This band or film is moved horizontally past stereoscopic objectives provided with appropriate koptical ,arrangements the function of which is. to bring the two images in front of the eyes of an observer. Thevband can, in this manner, be caused to pass a series of similar pairs of objectives, in order that several observers can simultaneously observe the views. If the Lband is advanced at a suiicient speed the views, which appear in stereoscopic relief, appear to be animated.

The two`rows or series of images can be obtained in several ways. For example, for this purpose, according to the present invention, a special apparatus can be employed `provided with two tetrah'edral prisms which give two properly adjusted images on the band itself.

The present'invention moreover comprises i Va special apparatus suitable for the observation of the views when the band carrying the two series of images vis passed therethrough. This apparatus comprises, in principle, two stereoscopic objectives combined with prisms arranged to bring the two separation of the eyes, the said prisms are arranged to correct -this difference, vin such a manner that two corresponding right and vas has been hereinabove stated, the

, responding left hand stereoscopic images are alwaysoppositerto the two eyes of each observer.

The invention is illustrated, by way of example, in the accompanying drawing, in an which:

Figure l' shows a band carrying two rows or series of images. Figs. 2, 3 and 4 show in elevation, plan and side view, respectively, an apparatus for photographing the images directly on the band itself. Figs. 5, 6 and 7 show in elevation, plan and side view, respectively, an apparatus for observing the views. Figs. 8, 9 and 10 show in elevation, plan and vertical section, respectively, a 7o modified' form of apparatus for observing the views.

As shown in Fig. l of this drawing, and band a, comprised in the present invention, carries two series of images 1,\2, 3, 4. and 1, 2', 3 and 4'., etc.; thg images 1 and l', 2 and 2', etc., are the correspondingr left and right hand stereoscopic images. hese images are separated one from the other at a distance I; which may be equal to the normal distance of separation of the eyes, or any other convenient distance.

It will be readily understood that, if the band a is moved in the direction of the arrow f past two objectives respectively corto the right and left eyes of an observer, these objectives being provided with an appropriate optical arrangement capable of bringing the centers of the two corresponding images on the median line o-c of the band, at a distance apart equal to the normal distance of separation of the eyes if the distance between the images is different from this distance, the observer looking into the two objectives will see the two corresponding stereoscopic images simultaneously and thel component parts of the view will appear in relief and animated. The displacement of the band a results in a rapid substitution for one image of successive images taken successively at short intervals of time, as is done in a cinematograph apparatus, in such a manner that the observer receives an impression of an animated stereof scopic view. It will be understood also that a series of objectives may be provided in front of the band; and while one observer sees the images numbered, for example, fn, and nl, the neXt observer will see lthe images 1 10 numbered, for example, v71/-1-8 and (7H-8P.

Different observers do not see the same 60 images onto the line cec.

images exactly at the same time but, as the images are taken at closely following times, the dierence is practically not appreciable. Before describing the apparatus by means of which the band a may be observed, the manner in which the said band is obtained will be rst indicated. The band or iilm a can be obtained by a direct method in which the images l and l', 2 and 2, are printed or photographed directly on the band a at the required places indicated in Fig. lu rlhis operation can be carried out by the aid of apparatus, illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, which is provided with two stereoscopic objectives al placed apart at a distance Z1 which preferably equals the normal distance of separation of the eyes, and on either side respectively of theline 0-c along the band a passing through the apparatus, in such a manner that the optical axes are opposite to the places which the centers of the two corresponding images l, 1 2, 2', etc., on the band a, are required to occupy.

lln order that the images shall not be inverted on the band, the apparatus is provided with two tetrahedral prisms the object of which is to producea double eect of vertical and lateral inversion on the rays which they receive, thus compensating for the inversion produced by the objectives themselves in such a manner that the images are photographed or taken on the band a at their appropriate places without inversion. ln this apparatus the band ais advanced horizontally and quite flat.

' By combining with the objectives of this apparatus, an arrangement of prisms' analogous to that hereinafter described with respect to the apparatus by means of which the 40 band is observed, images can be registered on the band a at a distance less than the normal distance of separation of the eyes.

@ne can also photograph or print the images on the band with this apparatus by removing the prisms e and then turning the apparatus through an angle of 90; the objectives d will then receive rays directly from the "objects in the respective fields of 5@ Figs. 5, 6 and 7 show an apparatus for ex` amining the viewsin cases in which the corresponding images are arranged onV the band at a distance apart of. 63 m/m.v 'lhis apparatus is, in this instance, provided with two objectives g at a distance of 63 m/m. from one another; between these objectives and the -band' 'a are placed parallelepipedon it giving a double total reflection which brings the centers of the corresponding The band passes through the Lapparatus horizontally and turned upon edge.

Figs. 8, 9 and l0 show a modified arrangement in which the "prisms areinclined vas :x65 f shown; In this case `the rays i, j proceeding 'images thus' obtained being o prismsin Ypairs in whichfthe from the centers of the two images-.carried by the band are brought by the prisms into the median plane the projection of which is indicated at 0 0; at the same time, these prisms produce a lateral displacement of the two central rays or sets of rays; the said displacements being equal and in the same direction, the two rays finally arrive in the line c-c at a distance of 63 m/m. apart, at i and j respectively. It is then only necessary to so arrange the objectives. that their optical axes areV at z" and j', in order to be able to observe vthe images.

The apparatus for taking'the views, for example the apparatus illustrated in Figs. 2, 3 and 4:, without the prisms e there shown, may be used for the examination of views, the band being passed through the appara tus either on edge or laid down flat. rllhis arrangement permits views to be taken or photographed directly on bands of paper which lare converted, by known processes, into positives which can then be afterward observed.

The methods and apparatus for taking and reproducing views which are hereinabove described are only given by way of example; the present improvements are applicable to other methods or apparatus permitting a band to be taken or photographed and observed as hereinabove set forth. The forms, dimensions and detailed arrangements of the apparatus, and details of the application of the process can be varied according to circumstances without departing from the nature of the said invention, ac-' cording to which a band or Hlm carrying two parallel rows of stereoscopic images in which the corresponding images are not in alinement with eachl other, is moved past suitable objectives to give the effect of an animated stereoscopic picture or view, the said band being obtained, for example, in a direct manner by means of an apparatus provided with tetrahedral prisms insuring 11( the normal alinement of the ima es, and the served by means of kan apparatus provided with prisms which bring the centers Vvof the images on to the optical axes of the ob 115 jectives.l

Claims: C

l. In an apparatus for obtaining stereoscopic views by direct vision, the combina tion with a horizontal band i parallel rows of stereoscopic .images taken right and left hand images of the same pair are displaced, of two objectives, and means for bringing back the images of the same pair opposite the 125 axis of the objectives.A A

2. lin anapparatus for obtaining stereoscopic views by direct vision, the combination. with a horizontal band carrying two parallel rows of stereoscopic imagesttaken 13 0 carrying two in pairs in which the right and left hand images of the same pair are displaced, of two objectives, and prisms having the shape of straight parallelepipedons with a parallelogram base for bringing back the images oi the same pair opposite the axis of the objectives.

3. In an apparatus for obtaining stereoscopic, views by direct vision, the combination with a horizontal band carrying two parallel rows of stereoscopic images taken in'pairs in which thc right and left hand images o' the same pair are displaced, ot two objectives, and prisms having the shape of straight parallelepipedons with a parallelogram base and inclined with regard to one another' for bringing back the images of the same pair opposite the axis oi the. objectives.

4. In an apparatus for obtaining stereoscopic views by direct vision, the combination with the band mounted to move longitudinally and provided with a plurality of series or rows of stereoscopic images, the images of one series being above the central line of the band and the images of the other series being below thc central line of the band, the images of the upper series corresponding to the images of the lower series, the images of one series being spaced apart from the corresponding images of the other series a distance corresponding approximately to the normal distance between the eyes, of a pair of objectives arranged at the central line of the band and spaced apart laterally from each other a distance corresponding to the distance between cor-- responding images of the two series, an means between each objective and the adj acent series of images for bringing the said images opposite the axis of the objective, each of the said means comprising a prism having the shape of a straight parallelepipedon with a parallelogram base, the prisms being inclined with respect` to each other for the purpose specified.

5. In an lapparatus for obtainin'gvstereoscopic views byvdirect vision, the combination with the band mounted to move` longitudinally and provided with a plurality 'of series of rows of stereoscopic images, the

. from the corresponding images of the images of one series being above the central line of the band and thc images of the other series being below the central line of the band, the images of the upper'series corresponding to the images of the lower series, the images of one series being spaced apart other series a distance corresponding approxig mately to the normal distance between the eyes, of a pair of objectives arranged at the central line of the band and spaced apart laterally from each other a distance corresponding to the distance between corresponding images of the two series, an

means between each objective and the adjacent series of images or bringing the said images-opposite the axis of the objective,

each of the said means comprising a prism having the shape of a straight parallelepipedon with a parallelogram base.

6. In an apparatus for obtaining stereoscopic views by direct vision, the combination with the band mounted to move longitudinally and provided with a plurality of series or rows of stereoscopic images, the images of one series being above the central line of the band and the images of the other series being below the central line of the band, the images of the upper series corresponding to the images oi' the lower series, the images of one series being spaced apart from the corresponding images of the other series a distance corresponding approximately to the normal distance between the eyes, of a pair or' objectives arranged atl the central line of the lband and spaced apart laterally from each other a distance corresponding to the distance between corresponding images of the two series, yan means between each objective and the adja= cent series of images for bringing the said images opposite the axis of the objective. he foregoing specification of our improved process and apparatus for obtaining and observing animated stereoscopic views, signed by us this 20th day of May, 1910.

Y JULES RICHARD.

LOUIS JOSEPH EMMANUEL GOLARDEAU. .Witnesses:

H. C. Colm, R. EHiRro'r. 

